PEDIATRICS

SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SPECIALIST AND SUBPECIALIST UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

History

HISTORY

The development of pediatric specialist education in Indonesia is an integral part of the overall advancement of the medical profession. The teaching of pediatric medicine in Indonesia, delivered specifically by pediatricians, began in 1933 with Dr. Mas Dayat Hidayat, an Inlandsch Arts (Indonesian physician) who graduated from STOVIA (1916), at NIAS (Nederlands-Indische Artsen School) in Surabaya. In 1934, pediatric teaching was also introduced at the Medical College (Geneeskundige Hoogeschool/GH) in Jakarta by Dr. J.H. de Haas, a pediatrician trained in the Netherlands. In 1938, Dr. J.H. de Haas established the Pediatric Department in Jakarta and initiated pediatric specialist training through an apprenticeship system. At that time, the duration of pediatric specialist education was two years.

The first national pediatric residency (DSA) curriculum in Indonesia was developed in 1990 by Prof. I.G. Ranuh, utilizing an apprenticeship model with a duration of 10 semesters. At that time, competencies were defined based on diseases and procedures that pediatricians had to master. Understandably, there were overlaps between the subjects and competencies at the specialist and subspecialist levels.

At the KONIKA (National Pediatric Conference) in Bali in 2002, the DSA education program underwent a major reform with the introduction of the Double/Combined Degree Program, allowing students to simultaneously pursue a pediatric residency and a master’s degree (S2). At the IDAI (Indonesian Pediatric Society) working meeting in 2011 in Lampung, the National Standard for DSA Education was established, encompassing 157 competencies and 207 modules. It was also agreed that the philosophy of DSA education is a competency-based academic and professional training.

The introduction of pediatric subspecialist education in 2014 across all pediatric disciplines helped define the scopes of authority between specialists and subspecialists, contributing to a more structured and aligned educational framework. After several rounds of discussion, the 2017 joint meeting between KIKAI (Consortium of Pediatric Education Institutions) and the IDAI’s Pediatric Subspecialty Working Groups (UKK IDAI) reached a consensus on the core curriculum and learning outcomes for both general pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists, including the study load and levels of authority. This led to a revised curriculum framework. The most recent curriculum revision by IDAI prior to this took place in the year 2000.

As of 2018, there were 15 Faculties of Medicine that had established pediatric residency programs (DSA) officially recognized by the Directorate General of Higher Education and fully accredited (Grade A) by LAM-PTKes (the Indonesian Accreditation Agency for Higher Education in Health):

  1. Airlangga University – established in 1974

  2. Andalas University – established in 1993

  3. Brawijaya University – established in 2005

  4. Diponegoro University – established in 1974

  5. Gadjah Mada University – established in 1975

  6. Hasanuddin University – established in 1976

  7. University of Indonesia – established in 1974

  8. Lambung Mangkurat University – established in 2016

  9. Padjadjaran University – established in 1974

  10. Sam Ratulangi University – established in 1982

  11. Sebelas Maret University – established in 2004

  12. Sriwijaya University – established in 1980

  13. University of North Sumatra – established in 1978

  14. Syiah Kuala University – established in 2016

  15. Udayana University – established in 1991